South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol declared martial law on Tuesday, citing the need to protect the nation from “anti-state” elements and threats to its constitutional order.
The unprecedented move has drawn widespread criticism, including accusations of undermining democracy.
In a televised address, President Yoon described the action as essential to safeguard South Korea from pro-North Korean forces. “I declare martial law to protect the free Republic of Korea from the threat of North Korean communist forces and eradicate despicable pro-North Korean anti-state forces,” he stated.
Opposition leader Lee Jae-myung, of the Democratic Party, condemned the declaration as unconstitutional and called on party lawmakers to gather in parliament to nullify it. However, reports indicate police buses have surrounded the parliament building, preventing access.
Following the announcement, the military suspended parliament and other political gatherings deemed likely to cause “social confusion.” Striking doctors, who have been protesting plans to expand medical school enrolments, were ordered to return to work within 48 hours.
The duration of the martial law remains uncertain, as it can be overturned by a majority vote in parliament, where the opposition holds significant control. Han Dong-hoon, leader of President Yoon’s conservative People Power Party, also criticized the decision, labeling it “wrong” and pledging to oppose it alongside the public.
Yoon defended his decision, claiming it would restore stability and prevent “national ruin.” He urged citizens to trust his leadership and endure the temporary restrictions. “We will eliminate anti-state forces and restore normalcy swiftly,” he asserted.
Since assuming office in 2022, Yoon has faced significant challenges in advancing his agenda due to an opposition-dominated parliament. The standoff has escalated over issues such as the national budget and attempts by the opposition to impeach three top prosecutors investigating cases linked to Democratic Party leader Lee Jae-myung, a leading candidate for the 2027 presidential election.
Critics have also accused Yoon of dismissing calls for independent investigations into alleged scandals involving his wife and top officials, fueling tensions with political rivals. The opposition Democratic Party has reportedly convened an emergency meeting to respond to the martial law declaration.
This marks the first declaration of martial law in South Korea since the country’s transition to democracy in 1987.
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